Administration of Justice

Class, Race, Gender, and Crime is a popular, and provocative, introduction to crime and the criminal justice system through the lens of class, race, gender, and their intersections. Almost 15 years after its first publication, the book remains the only non-edited book to systematically explore how the main sites of power and privilege in the U.S. consciously or unconsciously shape our understanding of crime and justice in society today. The fourth edition maintains the overall structure of the third edition--including consistent headings in chapters for class, race, gender, and intersections--with updated examples, current data, and recent theoretical developments incorporated throughout. Part I has been significantly revised, first providing students with an overview of the criminal justice system, its actors, and actions, then introducing students to key theories of crime criminals. Part II provides foundational information about class and economic privilege, race/ethnicity and white privilege, gender and male privilege, and their intersections. Part III looks thorough these lenses at the topics of victimization, criminal law, policing and criminal prosecution, and punishment. The fourth edition also welcomes a new co-author, Allison Cotton, to the team of Gregg Barak and Paul Leighton. The fourth edition of Class, Race, Gender, and Crime is a powerful introduction to the strengths and shortcomings of the criminal justice system. A complimentary Instructor's Manual and Test Bank is available. Contact textbooks@rowman.com for details.

Anyone living or working in a city has feared or experienced street crime at one time or another, whether it be a mugging, purse snatching or a more violent crime. In the United States, street crime has recently hovered near historic lows; hence, the declaration of certain analysts that street life in America has never been safer. But is it really? Street crime has changed over past decades, especially with the advent of surveillance cameras in public places - the territory of the street criminal - but at the same time, criminals have found ways to adapt. This encyclopedic reference focuses primarily on urban lifestyle and its associated crimes, ranging from burglary to drug peddling to murder to new, more sophisticated forms of street crime and scams. This traditional A-to-Z reference has significant coverage of police and courts and other criminal justice subdisciplines while also featuring thematic articles on the sociology of street crime.

After decades of stability from the 1920s to the early 1970s, the rate of imprisonment in the United States more than quadrupled during the last four decades. The U.S. penal population of 2.2 million adults is by far the largest in the world. Just under one-quarter of the world's prisoners are held in American prisons. The U.S. rate of incarceration, with nearly 1 out of every 100 adults in prison or jail, is 5 to 10 times higher than the rates in Western Europe and other democracies. The U.S. prison population is largely drawn from the most disadvantaged part of the nation's population: mostly men under age 40, disproportionately minority, and poorly educated. Prisoners often carry additional deficits of drug and alcohol addictions, mental and physical illnesses, and lack of work preparation or experience. The growth of incarceration in the United States during four decades has prompted numerous critiques and a growing body of scientific knowledge about what prompted the rise and what its consequences have been for the people imprisoned, their families and communities, and for U.S. society. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines research and analysis of the dramatic rise of incarceration rates and its affects. This study makes the case that the United States has gone far past the point where the numbers of people in prison can be justified by social benefits and has reached a level where these high rates of incarceration themselves constitute a source of injustice and social harm. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States recommends changes in sentencing policy, prison policy, and social policy to reduce the nation's reliance on incarceration. The report also identifies important research questions that must be answered to provide a firmer basis for policy. The study assesses the evidence and its implications for public policy to inform an extensive and thoughtful public debate about and reconsideration of policies.

In each chapter of Issues and Controversies in Policing Today, author Johnny Nhan explores a provocative issue sure to spark classroom discussion. Grounding each topic in theory, recent published research, and practice, he focuses on providing students with an understanding of its underlying causes. Moreover, a theoretical arc contextualizes the issues historically, facilitating a clear view of the ever-changing policing landscape. Used as a stand-alone text or as a companion to other material, Issues and Controversies in Policing Today offers all readers valuable insight into policing's current challenges and their origins.

Thoroughly revised and updated, this edition of the classic casebook on police ethics explores the moral complexities of situations faced by law enforcement officers every day across the United States. This updated edition of Power and Restraint maintains its place as a leading set of standards for evaluating police behavior. It extends our understanding of the basis of police accountability by grounding it in principles of the social contract and constitutional democracy. It applies the standards of fair access, public trust, public safety first, role discipline, and neutral professionalism to a variety of modern policing situations that help identify best practices and increase understanding of the challenges of policing in 21st-century America. Power and Restraint first locates itself in the context of other significant studies by scholars from various disciplines on moral issues in police work. Next, it establishes a foundation for moral evaluation of police work grounded in social contract theory as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and Declaration of Independence. Third, the authors generate five standards derived from the social contract for judging the actions of police. In the second half of the book, the reader is asked to apply these standards to a variety of typical but morally ambiguous policing situations. Clarifies the basis for judgments of police behavior Features case studies of actual law enforcement situations with complex ethical considerations Improves police officers' ability to think about their actions by examining the principles of ethical policing and applying those principles to concrete cases Explains both the need for and limitations on police authority, including the use of force

A revision of the 2006 edition, this two-volume set is a comprehensive guide to the scientific processes and the legal, social, and ethical issues involved in the forensic sciences.